Language Guidelines
Upper Classes | Lower Classes | Victorian Advertising Slogans
Upper Classes:
Vowel sounds:
- "a" is pronounced "aw," as in awful. Example: ask, answer, half, bath, can't, demand, master, France.
- "u" is pronounced "oo," as in boot. Example: duke, duty, news, tune, stupid, student
Consonant sounds:
- "r" at the beginning or middle of a word is rolled or flipped. Example: randy, rabbit, paltry, rose, red, terrible, Mary
- "r" at the end of a word is dropped. Example: park = pawk, father = fatha
- "t" and "h" are pronounced normally, not changed as in Cockney phrasing.
Sentences for the genteel:
- A very happy Christmas, Madame, how can I be of assistance?
- Good morning, Good Sir, and how may I serve you this day?
- I trust that you've found everything to your liking?
- If there is anything I can do to assist you in any way, do not hesitate to ask.
- Please, feel free to browse about and peruse our merchandise.
- Have a Happy Christmas and a very merry New Year!
Note: A nod of the head shows respect for your customers.
Useful short phrases for middle or upper class characters:
- Compliments of the season!
- Most excellent (as in "a most excellent fowl," "a most excellent evening")
- Good riddance to bad rubbish.
- As good as gold and as true as steel.
- This is most irregular.
- We had the most agreeable things to eat for tea.
- I shan't think such things.
- I daren't go out at night with these ruffians.
- Stuff and nonsense, oh fiddlesticks!
Replacements:
- Money – farthings, ha'penny, sixpence, shilling, half-a crown, pound sterling, sovereign, guinea
- Candy – sweets, confectionary
- Bathroom – water closet
- Pants – trousers
- Lawyer – barrister, solicitor
- See – try ("Let's try how this works.")
Thoughtful thanks and pardons:
- I beg your acceptance of my very hearty thanks.
- I have great pleasure in being useful to you.
- I thank you for your kind inquiries.
- Why, the pleasure is all mine, I assure you.
- Pray do not mention it, it's of no consequence.
- You are most kind.
- Permit me to thank you.
- I thank you for the compliment.
- My dear, you look radiant.
- A thousand pardons.
Lower Classes (Cockney Language)
Vowel sounds:
- "a" is pronounced brightly as in hat. Example: can, ant, pan
- "o" and "u" are pronounced darkly as in off. Example: doff, often, cup, sup
Consonant sounds:
- "tt" in the middle of the word is glottal stopped. Example: Lit'le, pret'y
- "h" is dropped at the beginning of words. Example: 'appy, 'eart, 'ead, 'ome, 'opeful
- "h" is added to the beginning of words that start with a vowel. Example: hangel, hexample, hestraordinary
- "th" in the middle of a word is pronounced as an "f" or "v." Example: somfing, muver, anyfing
- "g" at the end of "ing" words is dropped or changed to a "k." Example: walkin', runnin', feelin', anyfink, thinkink, tryink.
Some useful phrases:
- 'appy Christmas, Gov'ner. 'ow can I be of hassistance?
- A lovely day, ain't it? 'ow's the misses and those lit'le ones?
- Look about, look about and if you sees somfing you like, just give a nod.
- Oo, your Lordship, what brings you 'ere? 'as somfing caught you eye?
- Now, your Ladyship, you 'ave a 'appy Christmas and a merry New Year.
Note: Men should doff their hats to ladies and their betters; women should bob a quick curtsy to gentlemen and their betters.
Replacements:
- In yer eye! – Are you kidding?
- Cove/tuff/swell/guv'ner – Gentleman
- Crusher/bobby/peeler – Policeman
- Chimbley – Chimney
- Rhino/tin/scratch – Money
- Humbug – Nonsense
- Get stuffed – Get lost
- Get your collar felt – Arrested
- A stunner/a looker – A beauty
- Precious – Very, whole, real
- Prime – Great
- I does – I do
- Stone Jug/clink – Prison
- Nipper – Child
- Me uncle's – Pawn shop
- Cracked-up – Penniless
- Jaw breakers – Long words
- Flog it off – Sell it
- I is – I am
- Rum – Strange
Other phrases:
- She's a dear old fing.
- I'm in sommat reduced circumstances.
- Look sharp.
- Jolly good.
- 'Ow cheeky of 'er!
- We're done for!
- I'll take the lot.
- I can't afford 'em, they're too dear.
- All hat one go.
- Worse luck.
- There's a love.
Victorian Advertising Slogans:
- "As sold at exhibitions"
- "A world-wide necessity"
- "Has risen into favor by its merits alone"
- "Unsurpassed for purity and delicacy of flavor" (food)
- "Close personal attention assured"
- "Handsome and useful presents"
- "Sold at prices which will bear comparison with any other stores"
- "Specially selected for purity of style and quality and will be found to harmonize with the prevailing taste"
- "See our selection before making purchases elsewhere"
- "For the convenience of country customers orders will be taken"
- "Well known and appreciated in almost every household throughout the land"
- "The proprietor begs to draw attention to . . . "
- "Style, durability, and accurate fit guaranteed"
- "No effort spared to place before our customers the newest and most fashionable production as each season approaches"
- "Special orders executed with the utmost dispatch"
- "Accuracy and dispatch may be relied upon, all items being sent by express tricycles and special messengers, at frequent intervals"
- "Confidently recommended"
- "The celebrated ________________"
- "Not to be confused with ______________"
- "The best and cheapest"